The mercury sphygmomanometer was first introduced over 100 years ago and has not changed much since then. Due to the move towards removal of mercury from health care settings, alternatives to the mercury sphygmomanometer are in common use in many hospitals and clinics. Concern has been voiced regarding the accuracy of these alternative devices. This monograph comprises a review of the medical literature that evaluates the accuracy of mercury, aneroid, and oscillometric blood pressure devices. Articles published between 1995 and 2009 were included. Seventeen articles met the inclusion criteria.